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The continual occupancy of the area since
500 A.D. gives Hopi people the longest authenticated history of
occupation of a single area by any Native American tribe in the United
States. Yet most of the tutsqua has been expropriated. At 1.6 million
acres, the modern Hopi Reservation is a mere 9% of the original tutsqua.
People have used the Four Corners area for about 10 thousand years. Yet
not much is known about the first 8 thousand years except that the
people hunted locally available animals and gathered wild plants.
Beginning in about 1 A.D. an identifiable culture developed over the
next 700 years. The Hopi call these people Hisatsinom (People of Long
Ago) although the public and archaeologists refer to them as Anasazi or
San Juan Basketmakers. They occupied a vast territory stretching from
the Grand Canyon to Toko'navi (Navajo Mountain), toward the Lukachukai
Mountains near the New Mexico/Arizona border, and south to the Mogollon
Rim.
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